1.  Title: The effectiveness of mass media in changing HIV / AIDS-related behaviour among young people in developing countries. Author: Bertrand JT; Anhang R Source: In: Preventing HIV / AIDS in young people. A systematic review of the evidence from developing countries. UNAIDS Inter-agency Task Team on Young People, edited by David A. Ross, Bruce Dick and Jane Ferguson. Geneva, Switzerland, World Health Organization [WHO], 2006. :205-241. (WHO Technical Report Series No. 938) Abstract: The objectives were to review the strength of the evidence for the effects of three types of mass media interventions (radio only, radio with supporting media, or radio and television with supporting media) on HIV/AIDS-related behaviour among young people in developing countries and to assess whether these interventions reach the threshold of evidence needed to recommend widespread implementation. We conducted a systematic review of studies that evaluated mass media interventions and were published or released between 1990 and 2004. Studies were included if they evaluated a mass media campaign that had the main objective of providing information about HIV/AIDS or sexual health. To be eligible for inclusion studies had to use a pre-intervention versus postintervention design or an intervention versus control design or analyse cross-sectional data comparing those who had been exposed to the campaign with those who had not been exposed. Studies also had to comprehensively report quantitative data for most outcomes. Of the 15 programmes identified, 11 were from Africa, 2 from Latin America, 1 from Asia, and 1 from multiple countries. One programme used radio only, six used radio with supporting media, and eight others used television and radio with supporting media. The data support the effectiveness of mass media interventions to increase the knowledge of HIV transmission, to improve self-efficacy in condom use, to influence some social norms, to increase the amount of interpersonal communication, to increase condom use and to boost awareness of health providers. Fewer significant effects were found for improving self-efficacy in terms of abstinence, delaying the age of first sexual experience or decreasing the number of sexual partners. We found that mass media programmes can influence HIV-related outcomes among young people, although not on every variable or in every campaign. Campaigns that include television require the highest threshold of evidence, yet they also yield the strongest evidence of effects. This suggests that comprehensive mass media programmes are valuable. (author's) Language: English Keywords: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | RESEARCH REPORT | EVALUATION | YOUTH | HIV PREVENTION | BEHAVIOR CHANGE | MASS MEDIA | COMMUNICATION PROGRAMS | INTERVENTIONS | PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS | Age Factors | Population Characteristics | Demographic Factors | Population | HIV Infections | Viral Diseases | Diseases | Behavior | Communication | Programs | Organization and Administration | Program Evaluation Document Number: 311726 |
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