POPLINE Document Number: 314470
Author(s):
Wolday D
Meles H
Hailu E
Messele T
Mengistu Y
Source citation:
Journal of Internal Medicine, 2007 Feb;261(2):132-137.
Abstract:
The HIV incidence data are relevant in depicting the current dynamics and trend of the epidemic. Using a new laboratory method for HIV-1 incidence, we aimed at estimating a 10-year trend in HIV-1 incidence in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. We determined the temporal trends in HIV incidence based on a total of 7744 serum specimens from pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics in Addis Ababa between 1995 and 2003. HIV incidence was determined by IgG-capture HIV-1 BED incidence enzyme immunoassay following a validation using a well-characterized panel of serial serum specimens from subtype C-infected seroconverters. Of the 1350 HIV+ specimens tested as part of the annual sentinel survey between 1995 and 2003, a total of 1332 (98.7%) were tested by BED HIV-1 incidence assay. The incidence rate of HIV-1 infection declined significantly from 7.7% (95% CI, 3.9-11.5%) in 1995 to 2.0% (95% CI, 0.7-3.3%) in 2003. Although there was a trend, amongst the age group of 15-29 years, in age-specific decline in incidence, it was not statistically significant. No change in HIV incidence rate was observed for the group aged above 30 years. A corresponding decline in the incidence of HIV infection was observed with the decline in the prevalence of HIV infection between 1995 and 2003 in Addis Ababa City. Whether the declines were because of changes in sexual behaviours or other reasons needs to be explored. The BED HIV-1 incidence assay provides a valuable tool in obtaining information on recent HIV-1 infection. (author's)
Keywords:
EthiopiaIndex page
Research Report
Quantitative Research
Statistical Studies
Pregnant Women
HIV Infections
Antenatal Care
HIV Testing
Prevalence
Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses
Developing Countries
Africa, Eastern
Africa, Sub Saharan
Africa
Research Methodology
Studies
Population Characteristics
Demographic Factors
Population
Viral Diseases
Diseases
Maternal Health Services
Maternal-Child Health Services
Primary Health Care
Health Services
Delivery of Health Care
Health
Examinations and Diagnoses
Medical Procedures
Medicine
Measurement