Title: Which contraceptive methods are suitable for the older woman?

POPLINE Document Number: 091748

Author(s):

Reid RL

Source citation:

JOURNAL SOGC, 1993 Oct;15(8):933-6, 939-44.

Abstract:

This discussion considers contraceptive options for older women (over age 35 years) in terms of efficacy, safety, tolerability, reversibility, coital independence, and protection from sexually transmitted diseases. The discussion is illustrated with figures showing the number of births to older women in the US, maternal mortality rates according to age in the US, abortions/1000 live births by age in the US, failure rates for contraceptive methods (per 100 woman years) by age, the lowest expected and typical failure rates for various contraceptive methods, the safety of various contraceptives for women aged 35-39 years (death rates/100,000/year), and the mortality risk according to oral contraceptive use and smoking status. Information is then presented on various methods to prevent pregnancy if contraception fails, including the Yuzpe method, administration of Danazol, use of Mifepristone, and insertion of IUDs. The percentage of women beginning menstruation on given days in relation to expected onset of menstruation is illustrated schematically for the Yuzpe method and administration of mifepristone postcoitally. Treatment with Nonoxynol-9 following unprotected intercourse to reduce the possibility of sexually transmitted disease is mentioned. New contraceptives which are on the market or are under study include FlexiGard, a new type of IUD; hormone-releasing IUDs; injectable steroids; implants; vaginal rings; and skin patches. Finally, mention is made of new male contraceptives in the form of injectables, implants, and vaccines as well as the contraceptive use of gossypol.

Keywords:

North America
Age Factors
Contraceptive Methods Chosen
Contraceptive Agents, Female
Contraceptive Agents, Male
Sterilization, Sexual
Maternal Mortality
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Women
Americas
Developed Countries
Population Characteristics
Demographic Factors
Population
Contraceptive Usage
Contraception
Family Planning
Contraceptive Agents
Mortality
Population Dynamics
Reproductive Tract Infections
Infections
Diseases